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Introduction-Society and language use&Jürgen Jaspers1

1．Linguistic antecedents2

2．Antecedents in social theory8

3．Late modern trends and issues12

Accommodation theory&Nikolas Coupland21

1．Overview21

2．Speech accommodation theory21

3．Conceptual developments23

4．The accommodation model：Predictive or interpretive?23

5．Discourse attuning24

Agency and language&Laura M.Ahearn28

1．Practice theory31

2．Anthropological contributions to practice theory33

3．Intentionality34

4．The grammatical encoding of agency37

5．Talk about agency-Meta-agentive discourse41

6．Language in action,agency in language44

Authority&John Wilson＆Karyn Stapleton49

1．Introduction49

2．Authority and the self51

3．Authority in each other55

4．Authority in the world57

5．Authority in(and through)God58

6．Authority and gender59

7．Authority in language62

8．Authority64

Bilingualism and multilingualism&Monica Heller＆Aneta Pavlenko71

1．Introduction71

2．Four approaches to the study of bilingualism and multilingualism72

2.1 Neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic approaches to multilingualism73

2.2 Social psychological approaches75

2.3 Linguistic and sociolinguistic approaches76

2.4 Sociological and anthropological approaches77

3．Conclusion79

Code-switching&Peter Auer＆Carol M.Eastman84

1．Introduction84

2．Terminological and methodological issues85

3．Early studies87

4．The meaning of code-switching90

4.1 The politics of code-switching90

4.2 Code-switching in interaction95

5．Grammatical constraints on code-switching101

6．Future directions in code-switching research107

Cognitive sociology&Barry Saferstein113

1．Historical overview113

2．The interrelation of interactional sense-making processes and social organization116

2.1 Interaction116

2.2 Discourse116

2.3 Cognition117

2.4 Organizational activities and materials117

3．Key concepts117

3.1 Interpretive procedures117

3.2 Expertise118

3.3 Social organization118

3.4 Inequality and stratification119

3.5 Organizational constraints119

4．Methodology119

5．A sample analysis120

Contact&Li Wei127

1．Language contact：Causes,processes and outcomes127

2．Theoretical and methodological approaches to language contact130

3．The pragmatics of language contact135

4．Conclusion138

Correlational sociolinguistics&Norbert Dittmar140

1．Introduction140

2．Concepts of linguistic variation141

2.1 Tradition and innovation142

2.2 Methodology142

2.3 Description143

2.4 Explanation143

2.5 Theory143

2.6 Application144

3．Basic lines of argumentation：The corpus144

4．Rules：How instances of usage are described145

5．Language change：The perspective of explanations148

6．Outlook150

Gender&Robin Tolmach Lakoff152

1．Language and gender152

2．Pragmatic aspects of gender153

3．The prehistory of language and gender research153

4．The history of language and gender research155

4.1 The 1970s155

4.2 The 1980s161

4.3 The 1990s164

4.4 The 2000s：Some concluding remarks166

Interactional sociolinguistics&Jef Verschueren169

1．Background169

2．Contributions170

3．Program173

Language dominance and minorization&Donna Patrick176

1．Introduction176

2．Linguistic hierarchy and nation-building178

2.1 Language and nationalism179

2.2 Official languages180

2.3 Other dominant language ideologies181

3．Minorization183

3.1 International declarations of minority language rights186

4．Conclusion188

Language ideologies-Evolving perspectives&Paul V.Kroskrity192

1．Introduction192

2．The historical emergence of language ideologies192

3．Some key concepts195

4．Recent developments201

5．Perspectives for future research205

Language rights&Tove Skutnabb-Kangas212

1．Introduction：Language rights,linguistic human rights,and(linguistic)assimilation or integration212

2．Basic concepts,continua and dichotomies215

2.1 Who or what can have rights?215

2.2 Individual versus collective rights215

2.2.1 Individual rights215

2.2.2 Collective rights216

2.2.3 What is a minority?217

2.3 Negative versus positive rights219

2.4 Personal versus territorial rights220

2.5 Rights in'hard law'versus'soft law'221

2.6 Expressive versus instrumental rights222

2.7 LHR hierarchies222

3．LHRs in education223

3.1 Are there any binding LHRs in education?223

3.2 Linguistic genocide225

4．To conclude228

Marxist linguistics&Niels Helsloot233

1．Introduction233

2．Marr vs.Stalin234

3．Recent trends235

4．Gramsci236

5．Volo？inov236

6．P？cheux237

7．Marxist linguistics today238

'Other'representation&Nikolas Coupland241

1．On representation242

2．On'the other'244

3．Discourse strategies in representations of'the other'248

3.1 Homogenisation248

3.2 Pejoration250

3.3 Suppression and silencing252

3.4 Displaying'liberalism'252

3.5 Subverting tolerance253

4．Beyond minoritisation254

Social institutions&Richard J.Watts261

1．Introduction261

2．The social constructivist approach to'social institutions'262

3．Social reproduction and the notion of symbolic resource263

4．The discourse of social control：The reproduction of social institutions264

5．Family discourse as a form of institutional discourse266

6．Conclusion272

Speech community&Ben Rampton274

1．Community speech and speech community：Pragmatic vs.distributional perspectives275

2．'Speech community'at the interface of'tradition and modernity'278

3．Late modern discourse,language and community282

4．Communities of practice284

5．'Community'as a semiotic sign286

6．Language ideologies and the production of community287

7．From the'linguistics of community'to a'linguistics of contact'289

8．Community and discourse in the Information Age292

9．Conclusion296

Symbolic interactionism&Rod Watson304

Index315