英语导游基础教程【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Unit 1 A Survey of Tourism in China1

Unit 2 A Survey of Chinese History4

1．Ancient Myth4

2．The Primitive Society5

3．The Slavery Society6

4．The Feudal Society7

5．Democratic Revolution Period14

Unit 3 General Knowledge on Chinese Culture18

1．Science and Technology18

1.1 Astronomy18

1.2 Agriculture and Planting20

1.3 Handicraft and Commerce20

1.4 Ancient Inventions22

1.5 Architecture and Project25

1.6 Pharmacology and Medicine27

1.7 Mathematics29

2．Chinese Art30

2.1 Characters30

2.2 Calligraphy and Calligraphers32

2.3 Paintings36

2.4 Carvings39

2.5 Music,Dance and Opera40

3．Literature and Historiography43

3.1 Literature43

3.2 Historiography46

3.3 Library Book47

4．Ideology48

5．Education and the Imperial Examination System52

5.1 History of Education52

5.2 Imperial Examination System53

5.3 Four Books and Five Classics（《四书五经》）54

6．Special Themes in History55

6.1 Calendar and Chronology55

6.2 Titles and Names of Persons60

Unit 4 Tourism Resources in China71

1．A Survey of the Geography71

1.1 Position and Area71

1.2 Population and Language71

1.3 Climate72

1.4 Administrative Divisions72

1.5 Physical Features72

1.6 Water Resources72

1.7 Mineral Resources73

1.8 Biological Resources73

2．A Survey of Tourism Resources73

3．The Classification of Tourism Resources77

Unit 5 Land Scenery84

1．The Five Sacred Mountains84

1.1 Tai Mountain84

1.2 Hua Mountain85

1.3 Heng Mountain(north)86

1.4 Heng Mountain(south)86

1.5 Song Mountain87

2．The Four Most Famous Buddhist Mountains88

2.1 Putuo Mountain88

2.2 Wutai Mountain89

2.3 Emei Mountain89

2.4 Jiuhua Mountain90

3．Huangshan Mountain91

4．Lu Mountain91

5．Wuyi Mountain92

6．Yandang Mountain93

7．Danxia Mountain93

8．Wudang Mountain94

9．Qingcheng Mountain94

10．Sanqing Mountain95

11．Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area96

12．Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area97

13．Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area97

Unit 6 Water Scenery100

1．Rivers100

1.1 The Yangtze River100

1.2 The Yellow River102

1.3 Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas102

1.4 The Pearl River103

1.5 The Heilongjiang River104

2．Lakes104

2.1 Poyang Lake104

2.2 Qinghai Lake105

2.3 Chaerhan Salt Lake105

2.4 The West Lake of Hangzhou106

2.5 Dianchi Lake106

3．Waterfalls107

3.1 The Huangguoshu Waterfall107

3.2 The Hukou Waterfall108

4．Springs108

5．Seas and Seashores109

5.1 Beidaihe Beach Resort109

5.2 Qingdao Bathing Beach Resort110

Unit 7 Biological Scenery112

1．Plant Scenery112

2．Animal Scenery114

Unit 8 Meteorological Scenery118

1．Weather Scenery133

1.1 Mirages133

1.2 Polar Lights or Auroras134

1.3 Buddha's Lights134

2．Climate Scenery135

Unit 9 Ancient Sites and Ruins136

1．Ruins of Human Activity136

1.1 Ruins of Yuanmou Man136

1.2 Ruins of Peking Man at Zhoukoudian137

2．Sites of Great Historical Events137

2.1 Mount Jinggang137

2.2 Mount Baota138

3．Military Ruins and Ancient Battlefields139

3.1 Chibi Ancient Battlefield139

3.2 Changbanpo Ancient Battlefield139

4．Ancient Temples140

4.1 The White Horse Temple（白马寺）140

4.2 The Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu141

4.3 Shaolin Temple（少林寺）141

5．Traffic Ruins142

5.1 The Silk Road（丝绸之路）142

5.2 Shu Road（蜀道）143

6．Ancient Cities and Villages143

6.1 Yin Xu（殷墟）143

6.2 Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom（高句丽王城）144

6.3 The Historic Centre of Macao（澳门历史城区）144

6.4 Ancient City of Pingyao（平遥古城）145

6.5 Old Town of Lijiang（丽江古城）146

7．The Great Wall147

Unit 10 Architecture and Facilities149

1．A Survey of Chinese Ancient Architecture149

2．Classical Chinese Gardens153

2.1 The Summer Palace（颐和园）154

2.2 Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples,Chengde（承德避暑山庄和外寺庙）154

2.3 The Humble Administrator's Garden155

2.4 The Lingering Garden156

3．City and City Defense Architecture156

3.1 Chang'an City of the Han Dynasty(206 BC-220 AD)156

3.2 Chang'an City of the Tang Dynasty(618-907)157

3.3 Nanjing City of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644)157

3.4 Xi'an City of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644)157

4．Palace Architecture158

4.1 Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang159

4.2 Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace,Lhasa（历史乐团的布达拉宫，拉萨）159

5．Temple and Pagoda Architecture160

5.1 Temple of Heaven:An Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing160

5.2 Famen Temple（法门寺）161

6．Grottoes and Cliff Inscriptions162

6.1 Yungang Grottoes（云冈石窟）162

6.2 Longmen Grottoes（龙门石窟）162

6.3 Mogao Grottoes（莫高窟）163

6.4 Dazu Rock Carvings（大足石刻）164

7．Mausoleum Architecture164

7.1 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses165

7.2 Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties166

8．Irrigation Project168

8.1 Dujiangyan Irrigation System168

8.2 The Grand Canal（京杭大运河）168

9．Residence Architecture169

9.1 Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui—Xidi and Hongcun169

9.2 Kaiping Diaolou and Villages（开平碉楼与村落）170

9.3 Tulou（土楼）171

Unit 11 Tourism Goods173

1．Food173

1.1 Cuisine173

1.2 Vegetarian Dishes178

1.3 Archaized Dishes178

1.4 Local Snacks179

2．Local Products180

2.1 Tea180

2.2 Wine180

2.3 Traditional Chinese Medicine181

3．Handicrafts182

3.1 Silk and Embroidery182

3.2 Pottery and Porcelain183

3.3 Lacquer Wares（漆器）185

3.4 Cloisonné（景泰蓝）186

3.5 Carvings186

3.6 Handicraft Paintings189

3.7 Paper-cut190

3.8 Kites190

3.9 The Four Treasures of the Study190

Unit 12 Human Activities193

1．Religions193

1.1 Buddhism193

1.2 Taoism202

1.3 Islam208

1.4 Christianity210

2．Ethnic Groups212

2.1 The HanNationality217

2.2 Ethnic Groups in Jilin and Liaoning(Korean and Manchu)218

2.3 Ethnic Groups in Inner Mongolia(Mongolian and Daur)219

2.4 Ethnic Groups in Ningxia(Hui)221

2.5 Ethnic Groups in Gansu(Baoan)221

2.6 Ethnic Groups in Sichuan(Yi)222

2.7 Ethnic Groups in Guizhou,Hunan and Hubei(Bouyei,Dong,Miao and Tujia)222

2.8 Ethnic Groups in Guangxi(Zhuang)225

2.9 Ethnic Groups in Yunnan(Achang,Bulang,Bai,Dai,Deang and Naxi)226

2.10 Ethnic Groups in Tibet(Tibetan)233

2.11 Ethnic Groups in Xinjiang(Uygur)234

Keys to the Tasks237

Appendix 1 Tourist Attractions in Provinces of China(alphabetically)248

Appendix 2 Famous Chinese Historical and Cultural Cities（中国著名历史文化名城）263

Appendix 3 The National 5A Scenic Spots265

Appendix 4 The National Key Scenic Spots269

Appendix 5 The National Nature Reserves276

Appendix 6 The National Forest Parks286

Appendix 7 The National Geoparks306

Appendix 8 The National Wetland Parks310

Appendix 9 National Mine Park313

Appendix 10 The National Water Conservation Scenic Spots314

Appendix 11 The List of China's Rare Plants326

Appendix 12 The List of National First-class Protected Animals335

Appendix 13 National Second-class Protected Animals339

Appendix 14 The List of China's Endangered Animals344

Bibliography350